OPHTHAMIC CONDITIONS
Strabismus
When the eyes do not align properly
What exactly is strabismus?
Strabismus is an eye condition, in which the eyes do not align properly. While one eye may look straight ahead, the other eye may deviate inward, outward, upward, or downward.
Strabismus can be constant (visible at all times) or intermittent (visible only at certain times). It often appears during the first 3 years of life and may be present at birth.
What are the main causes of strabismus?
The exact causes of strabismus are not always known. The presence of a refractive error, particularly hyperopia (farsightedness), can lead to strabismus. In rare cases, strabismus may be associated with other more serious eye diseases or conditions affecting the muscles that move the eyes or with the nervous system. In childhood, strabismus can lead to amblyopia (lazy eye) and negatively impact vision. Monitoring during the first 7 years of life is crucial, as the risk of developing amblyopia is increased.
How is strabismus diagnosed?
To detect the eye condition, a detailed personal and family history is required. Visual acuity (VA), eye movement, the presence of refractive anomalies (myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism), binocular vision, and the proper positioning of the head and body must be assessed.
How is strabismus treated?
Modern techniques for managing strabismus include the following:
Using appropriate glasses to address refractive errors (myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism).
Treating amblyopia (lazy eye) with special adhesive patches, applied daily to limit the use of the “strong” eye and encourage activation of the “lazy” one.
Surgical intervention, aimed at improving visual acuity (VA), developing binocular vision, and optimizing cosmetic result (external appearance)
Botulinum toxin (botox) injections into the muscles which are responsible for eye movement for specific types of strabismus
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