OPHTALMIC CONDITIONS
Retinal Detachment
A truly urgent eye condition
What is the retina, and what is its role?
The retina is in fact a light – sensitive layer (a thin membrane of nerve tissue) located at the posterior part of the eye. It is where light rays are focused. With the help of specialized photoreceptors (rods and cones), visual information – stimuli is transmitted via the optic nerve and visual pathway to the human brain, where it is interpreted as an image. The area of the retina responsible for sharp and color vision is the macula. The proper functioning of the retina is crucial for satisfactory vision.
What exactly is retinal detachment?
Retinal detachment is one of the most serious conditions of the human eye. It can appear and progress rapidly. The only way to face it is through immediate surgical intervention (ideally within 24 hours as an emergency case). If left untreated, it can lead to devastating results for vision (complete loss of the visual field, even total blindness). Patients need to recognize the symptoms of a retinal detachment, so as to seek medical help as quickly as possible.
What are the risk factors?
Conditions that can lead to retinal detachment are the following:
Diabetes
Eye trauma
Vascular diseases
Degenerative (very high) myopia
What are the symptoms of retinal detachment?
A patient may notice one or a combination of the following:
Flashes (lights) of mini duration (like lightning flashes)
Moving black microparticles (floaters, shadows)
A bothersome gray or black curtain (like a veil), covering part of the visual field
What are the main types of retinal detachment?
The primary forms of the ophthalmic condition are:
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: The most common type. Α tear forms in the retina, allowing fluid to enter beneath it, leading to a detachment
Non – rhegmatogenous or exudative retinal detachment: Caused by a vascular problem or inflammation. Here, there are no tears, but fluid accumulates under the retina, causing it to detach
Tractional retinal detachment: The final stage of diabetic retinopathy.
How is retinal detachment treated?
The most effective approach is surgical intervention to restore the retina using the technique of posterior vitrectomy.
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